עוקצים א׳Oktzin 1

Perek 1 of 3 in Oktzin — 6 mishnayot

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Mishnah 1א׳

כֹּל שֶׁהוּא יָד וְלֹא שׁוֹמֵר, מִטַּמֵּא וּמְטַמֵּא וְלֹא מִצְטָרֵף. שׁוֹמֵר, אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁאֵינוֹ יָד, מִטַּמֵּא וּמְטַמֵּא וּמִצְטָרֵף. לֹא שׁוֹמֵר וְלֹא יָד, לֹא מִטַּמֵּא וְלֹא מְטַמֵּא:

Any part [of a food] that serves as a handle but does not preserve [the food] can be rendered impure, and can render impurity, but cannot be joined together [with the rest of the food to be counted towards the minimal measure required to render impurity]. Something that preserves [the food], even if it does not serve as a handle, can be rendered impure, and renders impurity, and can be joined together [with the rest of the fruit to be counted towards the measure for impurity]. Something that neither preserves [the food] nor serves as a handle cannot be rendered impure, nor can it render impurity.

Mishnah 2ב׳

שָׁרְשֵׁי הַשּׁוּם וְהַבְּצָלִים וְהַקַּפְלוֹטוֹת בִּזְמַן שֶׁהֵן לַחִין, וְהַפִּטְמָא שֶׁלָּהֶן בֵּין לַחָה בֵּין יְבֵשָׁה, וְהָעַמּוּד שֶׁהוּא מְכֻוָּן כְּנֶגֶד הָאֹכֶל, שָׁרְשֵׁי הַחֲזָרִים וְהַצְּנוֹן וְהַנָּפוּס, דִּבְרֵי רַבִּי מֵאִיר. רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר, שֹׁרֶשׁ צְנוֹן גָּדוֹל מִצְטָרֵף, וְהַסִּיב שֶׁלּוֹ, אֵינוֹ מִצְטָרֵף. שָׁרְשֵׁי הַמִּתְנָא וְהַפֵּיגָם וְיַרְקוֹת שָׂדֶה וְיַרְקוֹת גִּנָּה שֶׁעֲקָרָן לְשָׁתְלָן, וְהַשִּׁדְרָה שֶׁל שִׁבֹּלֶת וְהַלְּבוּשׁ שֶׁלָּהּ, רַבִּי אֶלְעָזָר אוֹמֵר, אַף הַסִּיג שֶׁל רְצָפוֹת, הֲרֵי אֵלּוּ מִטַּמְּאִין וּמְטַמְּאִים וּמִצְטָרְפִין:

[The following are considered to be parts of a food that serve to preserve it, and therefore can be joined together with the food to be counted towards the measure for impurity:] the roots of garlic and onions and leeks, when they are damp; their stems, whether they are damp or dry; and [the parts of] their stalks which do not have food opposite them; [and] the roots of lettuce and radish and turnip, according to Rabbi Meir. Rabbi Yehuda says: the large root of a radish can be joined together [with the rest of it to be counted towards the minimal measure to render impurity], but its fibers cannot be joined together [with it, to count towards the measure]. Roots of mint, and of rue, and field vegetables, and garden vegetables which were uprooted to be replanted, and a stalk of a grain, and its husks [are considered to be parts of food that preserve it]. Rabbi Elazar says: even the cobweb-like waste on the roots, all of these can thereby be rendered impure, and render impurity, and can be joined together [with the rest of the food to be countered towards the measure for rendering impurity].

Mishnah 3ג׳

אֵלּוּ מִטַּמְּאִין וּמְטַמְּאִין וְלֹא מִצְטָרְפִין. שָׁרְשֵׁי הַשּׁוּם וְהַבְּצָלִים וְהַקַּפְלוֹטוֹת בִּזְמַן שֶׁהֵם יְבֵשִׁים, וְהָעַמּוּד שֶׁאֵינוֹ מְכֻוָּן כְּנֶגֶד הָאֹכֶל, וְיַד הַפַּרְכִּיל טֶפַח מִכָּאן וְטֶפַח מִכָּאן, יַד הָאֶשְׁכּוֹל כָּל שֶׁהוּא, וְזָנָב שֶׁל אֶשְׁכּוֹל שֶׁרִקְּנוֹ, וְיַד הַמַּכְבֵּד שֶׁל תְּמָרָה אַרְבָּעָה טְפָחִים, וְקָנֶה שֶׁל שִׁבֹּלֶת שְׁלשָׁה טְפָחִים, וְיַד כָּל הַנִּקְצָרִים שְׁלשָׁה, וְשֶׁאֵין דַּרְכָּן לִקָּצֵר יְדֵיהֶם וְשָׁרְשֵׁיהֶם כָּל שֶׁהֵן, וּמַלְעִין שֶׁל שִׁבֳּלִין, הֲרֵי אֵלּוּ מִטַּמְּאִים וּמְטַמְּאִין וְלֹא מִצְטָרְפִין:

The following [serve as handles for foods and therefore] can be rendered impure, and can render impurity, and cannot be joined together [to count towards the measure for food to render impurity]: the roots of garlic and of onions and of leeks when they are dry; and [the parts of] their stalks which do not have food opposite them; and the [branch which functions as a] handle for a grapevine, [not more than] a handsbreadth on either side; and the [stem which functions as a] handle for a cluster of grapes, which can be any size; and [so too regarding] the tail of a cluster of grapes which was emptied [of grapes]; and the handle of a date palm branch, fourth handbreadths; and a stalk of grain, three handsbreadths; and handles for any crop that is cut [for harvesting], three [handsbreadths]; and regarding those crops which it is not their way to be cut [for harvesting], their handles and their roots may be of any measure; and the fibers of a stalk [of grain]. These things can thereby be rendered impure, and can render impurity, and cannot be joined together [with the food to count towards the measure for impurity].

Mishnah 4ד׳

אֵלּוּ לֹא מִטַּמְּאִין וְלֹא מְטַמְּאִין וְלֹא מִצְטָרְפִין. שָׁרְשֵׁי קוֹלְסֵי הַכְּרוּב, וְחֻלְפוֹת תְּרָדִים, וְהַלֶּפֶת, אֵת שֶׁדַּרְכָּם לִגָּזֵז וְנֶעֱקְרוּ. רַבִּי יוֹסֵי מְטַמֵּא בְכֻלָּן וּמְטַהֵר בְּשָׁרְשֵׁי קוֹלְסֵי הַכְּרוּב וְהַלָּפֶת:

The following [serve neither to protect foods nor as handles and they therefore] can neither be rendered impure, nor render impurity, nor join together [to count towards the measure for impurity]: the roots of cabbage-stalks, and of beet shoots, and of turnips, [and, regarding all other produce,] those which are regularly cut off [leaving their roots,] but which were uprooted. Rabbi Yose considers them all [susceptible to being rendered] impure, but he considers cabbage-stalks and turnips pure [i.e. insusceptible to being rendered impure].

…and 2 more mishnayot in this perek.

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Mishnah, Torat Emet 357 edition, via Sefaria — public domain

English: Sefaria Community Translation — CC0