נגעים ו׳Negaim 6

Mishnah 1א׳

גּוּפָהּ שֶׁל בַּהֶרֶת, כַּגְּרִיס הַקִּלְקִי מְרֻבָּע. מְקוֹם הַגְּרִיס, תֵּשַׁע עֲדָשׁוֹת. מְקוֹם עֲדָשָׁה, אַרְבַּע שְׂעָרוֹת. נִמְצְאוּ שְׁלשִׁים וָשֵׁשׁ שְׂעָרוֹת:

A Baheret [type of diseased patch that creates impurity] itself is [at minimum] like [the size of] a square Cilician bean. The area of a bean is nine lentils. The area of a lentil is [the area of] four hairs. Thirty-six hairs are [therefore] found [to make up a Baheret].

Mishnah 2ב׳

בַּהֶרֶת כַּגְּרִיס וּבָהּ מִחְיָה כָעֲדָשָׁה, רָבְתָה הַבַּהֶרֶת, טְמֵאָה. נִתְמַעֲטָה, טְהוֹרָה. רָבְתָה הַמִּחְיָה, טְמֵאָה. נִתְמַעֲטָה, טְהוֹרָה:

A Baheret like [the size of] a bean with a patch of healthy skin in it like [the size of] a lentil, [if] the Baheret spread, it is [still] impure. [If] it diminished, it becomes pure. [If] the healthy patch of skin spread, it is [still] impure. [If] it diminished, it becomes pure.

Mishnah 3ג׳

בַּהֶרֶת כַּגְּרִיס וּבָהּ מִחְיָה פְחוּתָה מִכָּעֲדָשָׁה, רָבְתָה הַבַּהֶרֶת, טְמֵאָה. נִתְמַעֲטָה, טְהוֹרָה. רָבְתָה הַמִּחְיָה, טְמֵאָה. נִתְמַעֲטָה, רַבִּי מֵאִיר מְטַמֵּא, וַחֲכָמִים מְטַהֲרִים, שֶׁאֵין הַנֶּגַע פּוֹשֶׂה לְתוֹכָהּ:

A Baheret like [the size of] a bean with a patch of healthy skin in it smaller than a lentil, [if] the Baheret spread, it becomes impure. [If] it diminished, it becomes pure. [If] the patch spread, it becomes impure. [If] it diminished, Rabbi Meir declares impure and the Sages declare pure because a Nega [diseased patch on skin, clothes, or houses that create impurity] cannot spread within itself.

Mishnah 4ד׳

בַּהֶרֶת יְתֵרָה מִכַּגְּרִיס וּבָהּ מִחְיָה יְתֵרָה מִכָּעֲדָשָׁה, רַבּוּ אוֹ שֶׁנִּתְמַעֲטוּ, טְמֵאִין, וּבִלְבַד שֶׁלֹּא יִתְמַעֲטוּ מִכַּשִּׁעוּר:

A Baheret more than [the size of] a bean and within it is a patch of healthy skin more than [the size of] a lentil, [if] they grew or diminished, they are [still] impure, as long as they do not diminish to less than the [minimum] area.

Mishnah 5ה׳

בַּהֶרֶת כַּגְּרִיס וּמִחְיָה כָּעֲדָשָׁה מַקַּפְתָּהּ וְחוּץ לַמִּחְיָה בַּהֶרֶת, הַפְּנִימִית לְהַסְגִּיר, וְהַחִיצוֹנָה לְהַחְלִיט. אָמַר רַבִּי יוֹסֵי, אֵין הַמִּחְיָה סִימַן טֻמְאָה לַחִיצוֹנָה, שֶׁהַבַּהֶרֶת לְתוֹכָהּ. נִתְמַעֲטָה וְהָלְכָה לָהּ, רַבָּן גַּמְלִיאֵל אוֹמֵר, אִם מִבִּפְנִים הִיא כָלָה, סִימַן פִּשְׂיוֹן לַפְּנִימִית, וְהַחִיצוֹנָה טְהוֹרָה. וְאִם מִבַּחוּץ, הַחִיצוֹנָה טְהוֹרָה וְהַפְּנִימִית לְהַסְגִּיר. רַבִּי עֲקִיבָא אוֹמֵר, בֵּין כָּךְ וּבֵין כָּךְ, טְהוֹרָה:

A Baheret like [the size of] a bean with a patch of healthy skin like [the size of] a lentil surrounding it and outside of the patch is [another] Baheret, the inner [Nega] requires quarantine and the outer one is decided [to be impure]. Rabbi Yossi said: The patch is not a sign of impurity for the outer one [and so the outer one also requires quarantine]. [If the patch] diminished or went away, Rabban Gamliel says: If it was disappearing from the inside [edge], it is a sign of expansion for the inner [Nega and therefore it is impure] but the outer one is pure. But if it was from the outside [edge], the outer one is pure and the inner one requires quarantine. Rabbi Akiva says: In both cases [the inner Nega] is pure.

Mishnah 6ו׳

אָמַר רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן, אֵימָתַי, בִּזְמַן שֶׁהִיא כָעֲדָשָׁה מוּבֵאת. הָיְתָה יְתֵרָה מִכָּעֲדָשָׁה, הַמּוֹתָר סִימַן פִּשְׂיוֹן לַפְּנִימִית, וְהַחִיצוֹנָה טְמֵאָה. הָיָה בֹהַק פָּחוּת מִכָּעֲדָשָׁה, סִימַן פִּשְׂיוֹן לַפְּנִימִית, וְאֵין סִימַן פִּשְׂיוֹן לַחִיצוֹנָה:

Rabbi Shimon said: When [is the law about the patch diminishing on the inner edge true]? When [the patch] is exactly [the area of] a lentil. If it was more than a lentil, the leftover [becomes] the expansion for the inner [Nega] and the outer one is [still] impure. [If instead of a healthy patch] it was a dull patch less than [the area of] a lentil, it is a sign of expansion for the inner [Nega if the inner edge diminished] but is not a sign of expansion for the outer one [if the outer edge diminished] .

Mishnah 7ז׳

עֶשְׂרִים וְאַרְבָּעָה רָאשֵׁי אֵבָרִין בָּאָדָם שֶׁאֵינָן מִטַּמְּאִין מִשּׁוּם מִחְיָה, רָאשֵׁי אֶצְבְּעוֹת יָדַיִם וְרַגְלַיִם, וְרָאשֵׁי אָזְנַיִם, וְרֹאשׁ הַחֹטֶם, וְרֹאשׁ הַגְּוִיָּה, וְרָאשֵׁי הַדַּדִּים שֶׁבָּאִשָּׁה. רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר, אַף שֶׁל אִישׁ. רַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר אוֹמֵר, אַף הַיַּבָּלוֹת וְהַדִּלְדּוּלִין אֵינָן מִטַּמְּאִין מִשּׁוּם מִחְיָה:

There are twenty-four tips of limbs on man that do not become impure due to a healthy patch [seen in a Nega]: The tips of the fingers of the hands and feet [i.e. toes], the tips of the ears, the tip of the nose, the tip of the male organ, the tips of the breasts on a woman. Rabbi Yehuda says: Even on a man. Rabbi Eliezer says: Even warts and thin-necked warts do not become impure due to a healthy patch [in the Nega].

Mishnah 8ח׳

אֵלּוּ מְקוֹמוֹת בָּאָדָם שֶׁאֵינָן מִטַּמְּאִין בְּבַהֶרֶת, תּוֹךְ הָעַיִן, תּוֹךְ הָאֹזֶן, תּוֹךְ הַחֹטֶם, תּוֹךְ הַפֶּה, הַקְּמָטִין, וְהַקְּמָטִין שֶׁבַּצַּוָּאר, תַּחַת הַדַּד, וּבֵית הַשֶּׁחִי, כַּף הָרֶגֶל, וְהַצִּפֹּרֶן, הָרֹאשׁ, וְהַזָּקָן, הַשְּׁחִין וְהַמִּכְוָה וְהַקֶּדַח הַמּוֹרְדִין, אֵינָן מִטַּמְּאִין בַּנְּגָעִים, וְאֵינָן מִצְטָרְפִים בַּנְּגָעִים, וְאֵין הַנֶּגַע פּוֹשֶׂה לְתוֹכָן, וְאֵינָן מִטַּמְּאִין מִשּׁוּם מִחְיָה, וְאֵינָן מְעַכְּבִין אֶת הַהוֹפֵךְ כֻּלּוֹ לָבָן. חָזַר הָרֹאשׁ וְהַזָּקָן וְנִקְרְחוּ, הַשְּׁחִין וְהַמִּכְוָה וְהַקֶּדַח וְנַעֲשׂוּ צָרֶבֶת, הֲרֵי אֵלּוּ מִטַּמְּאִין בַּנְּגָעִים, וְאֵינָן מִצְטָרְפִין בַּנְּגָעִים, וְאֵין הַנֶּגַע פּוֹשֶׂה לְתוֹכָן, וְאֵינָן מִטַּמְּאִין מִשּׁוּם מִחְיָה, אֲבָל מְעַכְּבִין אֶת הַהוֹפֵךְ כֻּלּוֹ לָבָן. הָרֹאשׁ וְהַזָּקָן עַד שֶׁלֹּא הֶעֱלוּ שֵׂעָר, וְהַדִּלְדּוּלִין שֶׁבָּרֹאשׁ וְשֶׁבַּזָּקָן, נִדּוֹנִים כְּעוֹר הַבָּשָׂר:

These are the places on man that do not become impure due to a Baheret: inside the eye, inside the ear, inside the nose, inside the mouth, the folds [of skin on body], the folds on the neck, under the breast, the armpit, the sole of the foot, the nail, the head, [the skin of] the beard, the boil and the burn and the blister that are unhealed; [these] do not make Negaim impure and do not combine [to make impure] in [other] Negaim and a Nega cannot expand into them and they are not made impure by a healthy patch of skin [in them] and they do not prevent a person who turned completely white [due to his Nega, from becoming pure]. If the head or beard returned and became bald [or if] the boils, the burns or the blister grew a scab, behold these can make Negaim impure but do not combine [to make impure] in [other] Negaim and a Nega cannot expand into them and they are not made impure by a healthy patch of skin [in them], but they do prevent a person who turned completely white [due to his Nega, from becoming pure]. The head or the beard [of someone] who has not yet grown hair [in them] and the thin-necked warts on the head or in the beard are judged as flesh of the body.