מקואות א׳Mikvaot 1

Perek 1 of 10 in Mikvaot — 8 mishnayot

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Mishnah 1א׳

שֵׁשׁ מַעֲלוֹת בַּמִּקְוָאוֹת, זוֹ לְמַעְלָה מִזּוֹ, וְזוֹ לְמַעְלָה מִזּוֹ. מֵי גְבָאִים, שָׁתָה טָמֵא וְשָׁתָה טָהוֹר, טָמֵא. שָׁתָה טָמֵא וּמִלֵּא בִכְלִי טָהוֹר, טָמֵא. שָׁתָה טָמֵא וְנָפַל כִּכָּר שֶׁל תְּרוּמָה, אִם הֵדִיחַ, טָמֵא. וְאִם לֹא הֵדִיחַ, טָהוֹר:

There are six levels of mikvaot [gatherings of water collected by natural means and immersed in for purification], each [subsequent] one higher than the other: [The first and lowest level is] water collected in shallow pools [in the ground]. If an impure person drank [from one], and a pure person drank [from it afterwards], he is impure. If an impure person drank, and someone filled up a pure vessel [from those waters afterwards], it [the vessel] is impure. If an impure person drank, and then loaf of terumah fell in, if one rinsed [the loaf], it is impure; and if one did not rinse it, it is pure.

Mishnah 2ב׳

מִלֵּא בִכְלִי טָמֵא וְשָׁתָה טָהוֹר, טָמֵא. מִלֵּא בִכְלִי טָמֵא וּמִלֵּא בִכְלִי טָהוֹר, טָמֵא. מִלֵּא בִכְלִי טָמֵא וְנָפַל כִּכָּר שֶׁל תְּרוּמָה, אִם הֵדִיחַ, טָמֵא. וְאִם לֹא הֵדִיחַ, טָהוֹר:

If one filled an impure vessel [from water collected in such pools], and a pure person drank [from it], he is impure. If one filled using an impure vessel, and then filled a pure vessel [with the waters from the first vessel], it is impure. If one filled an impure vessel, and then a loaf of terumah fell in [the pool], if one rinsed it, it is impure; and if one did not rinse it, it is pure.

Mishnah 3ג׳

נָפְלוּ מַיִם טְמֵאִים וְשָׁתָה טָהוֹר, טָמֵא. נָפְלוּ מַיִם טְמֵאִים וּמִלֵּא בִכְלִי טָהוֹר, טָמֵא. נָפְלוּ מַיִם טְמֵאִים וְנָפַל כִּכָּר שֶׁל תְּרוּמָה, אִם הֵדִיחַ, טָמֵא. וְאִם לֹא הֵדִיחַ, טָהוֹר. רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן אוֹמֵר, בֵּין שֶׁהֵדִיחַ בֵּין שֶׁלֹּא הֵדִיחַ, טָמֵא:

If impure waters fell [into such a pool], and a pure person drank [from it], he is impure. If impure waters fell in, and one filled a pure vessel [from it], it is impure. If impure waters fell in, and then loaf of terumah fell in, if one rinsed [the loaf], it is impure; and if one did not rinse it, it is pure. Rabbi Shimon says: whether or not once rinsed it, it is impure.

Mishnah 4ד׳

נָפַל לְתוֹכָן מֵת, אוֹ שֶׁהָלַךְ בָּהֶן הַטָּמֵא, וְשָׁתָה טָהוֹר, טָהוֹר. אֶחָד מֵי גְבָאִים, מֵי בוֹרוֹת, מֵי שִׁיחִים, מֵי מְעָרוֹת, מֵי תַמְצִיּוֹת שֶׁפָּסְקוּ, וּמִקְוָאוֹת שֶׁאֵין בָּהֶם אַרְבָּעִים סְאָה, בִּשְׁעַת הַגְּשָׁמִים הַכֹּל טָהוֹר. פָּסְקוּ הַגְּשָׁמִים, הַקְּרוֹבִים לָעִיר וְלַדֶּרֶךְ, טְמֵאִים. וְהָרְחוֹקִים, טְהוֹרִין, עַד שֶׁיְּהַלְּכוּ רֹב בְּנֵי אָדָם:

If a dead person fell into them [the waters of such a pool], or if someone impure walked through them, if a pure person then drank [from them], he is [still] pure. As with the waters of shallow pools, [similarly] the waters of pits, the waters of trenches, the waters of caves, runoff waters that stopped [flowing from the mountains], and mikvaot that do not contain forty se'ah [a specific unit of volume], they are all pure during the rain. Once the rain stops, those [waters] close to cities and to the roads are presumed are [presumed to be] impure; and those far away are [presumed to be] pure, but only until [the rain damage of the nearby paths is repaired such that] most people walk by them.

…and 4 more mishnayot in this perek.

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Mishnah, Torat Emet 357 edition, via Sefaria — public domain

English: Sefaria Community Translation — CC0