מכשירין ו׳Makhshirin 6

Perek 6 of 6 in Makhshirin — 8 mishnayot

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Mishnah 1א׳

הַמַּעֲלֶה פֵרוֹתָיו לַגַּג מִפְּנֵי הַכְּנִימָה, וְיָרַד עֲלֵיהֶם טַל, אֵינָם בְּכִי יֻתַּן. אִם נִתְכַּוֵּן לְכָךְ, הֲרֵי זֶה בְכִי יֻתַּן. הֶעֱלָן חֵרֵשׁ, שׁוֹטֶה וְקָטָן, אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁחִשַּׁב שֶׁיֵּרֵד עֲלֵיהֶן הַטַּל, אֵינָן בְּכִי יֻתַּן, שֶׁיֶּשׁ לָהֶן מַעֲשֶׂה וְאֵין לָהֶן מַחֲשָׁבָה:

[If] one takes his fruit up to the roof because of the worms, and dew falls on them that does not achieve BeKhi Yutan. If he intended that [to happen] it does achieve BeKhi Yutan. [If] a deaf-mute, [or] an imbecile, or a minor took them up they [the fruit] do not achieve BeKhi Yutan even if he hoped that dew would fall on them, because they can act but they have no intention.

Mishnah 2ב׳

הַמַּעֲלֶה אֶת הָאֲגֻדּוֹת וְאֶת הַקְּצִיעוֹת וְאֶת הַשּׁוּם לַגַּג בִּשְׁבִיל שֶׁיַּמְתִּינוּ, אֵינָן בְּכִי יֻתַּן. כָּל הָאֲגֻדּוֹת שֶׁל בֵּית הַשְּׁוָקִים, טְמֵאִין. רַבִּי יְהוּדָה מְטַהֵר בַּלַּחִים. אָמַר רַבִּי מֵאִיר, וְכִי מִפְּנֵי מָה טִמְּאוּ, אֶלָּא מִפְּנֵי מַשְׁקֵה הַפֶּה. כָּל הַקְּמָחִין וְהַסְּלָתוֹת שֶׁל בֵּית הַשְּׁוָקִים, טְמֵאִים. הַחִילְקָה, הַטְּרָגִיס וְהַטִּסְגִי, טְמֵאִים בְּכָל מָקוֹם:

[If] one brought up bundles [of vegetables] or prepared figs, or garlic to the roof for them to get damp that does not achieve BeKhi Yutan. All the bundles [of vegetables] in the market are impure. Rabbi Yehudah deems fresh [vegetables] pure. Rabbi Meir said: Why did they deem them impure? Is it not because of the moisture from the mouth? All [types of] flour and fine flour in the market are impure. Grains of wheat split into two pieces, into three pieces, and into four pieces are impure in all places.

Mishnah 3ג׳

כָּל הַבֵּיצִים בְּחֶזְקַת טָהֳרָה, חוּץ מִשֶּׁל מוֹכְרֵי מַשְׁקֶה. וְאִם הָיוּ מוֹכְרִין עִמָּהֶן פֵּרוֹת יְבֵשִׁים, טְהוֹרוֹת. כָּל הַדָּגִים בְּחֶזְקַת טֻמְאָה. רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר, חֲתִיכַת אִלְתִּית וְדָג הַמִּצְרִי הַבָּא בְקֻפָּה וְקוּלְיָס הָאִסְפָּנִין, הֲרֵי אֵלּוּ בְחֶזְקַת טָהֳרָה. כָּל הַצִּיר בְּחֶזְקַת טֻמְאָה. וְעַל כֻּלָּם, עַם הָאָרֶץ נֶאֱמָן לוֹמַר טְהוֹרִים הֵן, חוּץ מִשֶּׁל דָּגָה, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהֵן מַפְקִידִין אוֹתָהּ אֵצֶל עַם הָאָרֶץ. רַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר בֶּן יַעֲקֹב אוֹמֵר, צִיר טָהוֹר שֶׁנָּפַל לְתוֹכוֹ מַיִם כָּל שֶׁהֵן, טָמֵא:

All eggs have the presumption of purity except for those of liquid merchants, but they [the eggs] are pure if they sold dry fruit with them. All fish have the presumption of impurity. Rabbi Yehudah says: A piece of Iltit [fish] and Egyptian fish that comes in a basket, and Spanish Kulyas [fish] have the presumption of purity. All brine has the presumption of impurity. And regarding all of them an Am Ha'aretz [one who is lax in observing tithes and purity laws] is believed to say they are pure, except for fish because they [fish] are entrusted to an Am Ha'aretz. Rabbi Eliezer ben Ya'akov says: [If] any trace amount of water fell into pure brine it [the latter] is impure.

Mishnah 4ד׳

שִׁבְעָה מַשְׁקִין הֵן. הַטַּל וְהַמַּיִם, הַיַּיִן וְהַשֶּׁמֶן, וְהַדָּם, וְהֶחָלָב, וּדְבַשׁ דְּבוֹרִים. דְּבַשׁ צְרָעִים, טָהוֹר, וּמֻתָּר בַּאֲכִילָה:

The seven liquids [that make food susceptible to impurity] are: Dew, and water, wine, and oil, and blood, and milk, and bee honey. Hornet honey is pure [does not make food susceptible to impurity] and one may eat it.

…and 4 more mishnayot in this perek.

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Mishnah, Torat Emet 357 edition, via Sefaria — public domain

English: Sefaria Community Translation — CC0