חולין ו׳Chullin 6

Mishnah 1א׳

כִּסּוּי הַדָּם נוֹהֵג בָּאָרֶץ וּבְחוּצָה לָאָרֶץ, בִּפְנֵי הַבַּיִת וְשֶׁלֹּא בִפְנֵי הַבַּיִת, בְּחֻלִּין אֲבָל לֹא בְמֻקְדָּשִׁים. וְנוֹהֵג בְּחַיָּה וּבְעוֹף, בִּמְזֻמָּן וּבְשֶׁאֵינוֹ מְזֻמָּן. וְנוֹהֵג בְּכוֹי, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהוּא סָפֵק. וְאֵין שׁוֹחֲטִין אוֹתוֹ בְיוֹם טוֹב. וְאִם שְׁחָטוֹ, אֵין מְכַסִּין אֶת דָּמוֹ:

[The law of] covering the blood [after the slaughter of fowl or wild animals] applies in the land [of Israel] and outside of the land, during the time of the Temple and not during the time of the Temple, for chulin [animals or food permitted for general consumption] but not for mukdashim [animals or food which are holy and not available for general consumption]. It applies for wild animals and fowl, whether in possession or not in possession. And it applies to a koi [an animal whose domesticated status is ambiguous], since it is in doubt. And we do not slaughter it on a holiday. And if one did slaughter it, we do not cover its blood.

Mishnah 2ב׳

הַשּׁוֹחֵט וְנִמְצָא טְרֵפָה, וְהַשּׁוֹחֵט לַעֲבוֹדָה זָרָה, וְהַשּׁוֹחֵט חֻלִּין בִּפְנִים, וְקָדָשִׁים בַּחוּץ, חַיָּה וָעוֹף הַנִּסְקָלִים, רַבִּי מֵאִיר מְחַיֵּב, וַחֲכָמִים פּוֹטְרִין. הַשׁוֹחֵט וְנִתְנַבְּלָה בְיָדוֹ, הַנּוֹחֵר, וְהַמְעַקֵּר, פָּטוּר מִלְּכַסּוֹת:

One who slaughters and it is found to be a terefah [an animal with a mortal condition such that it would die within a year], one who slaughters for idolatry, one who slaughters chulin inside [the Temple courtyard] or kodashim [animals or food which are holy and not available for general consumption] outside [of the Temple courtyard], or a wild animal or bird which was stoned [for killing a person by goring or similar means, which is forbidden from consumption even if slaughtered before the stoning], Rabbi Meir obligates [the covering of the blood], and the Sages exempt. One who slaughters and it became a nevelah [an improperly slaughtered animal of a permitted species] by his hand, one who [kills by] stabbing, and one who tears off [the trachea or esophagus] is exempt from having to cover.

Mishnah 3ג׳

חֵרֵשׁ, שׁוֹטֶה וְקָטָן שֶׁשָּׁחֲטוּ וַאֲחֵרִים רוֹאִין אוֹתָן, חַיָּב לְכַסּוֹת. בֵּינָן לְבֵין עַצְמָם, פָּטוּר מִלְּכַסּוֹת. וְכֵן לְעִנְיַן אוֹתוֹ וְאֶת בְּנוֹ, שֶׁשָּׁחֲטוּ וַאֲחֵרִים רוֹאִין אוֹתָן, אָסוּר לִשְׁחֹט אַחֲרֵיהֶם. בֵּינָן לְבֵין עַצְמָן, רַבִּי מֵאִיר מַתִּיר לִשְׁחֹט אַחֲרֵיהֶן, וַחֲכָמִים אוֹסְרִים. וּמוֹדִים שֶׁאִם שָׁחַט, שֶׁאֵינוֹ סוֹפֵג אֶת הָאַרְבָּעִים:

A deaf-mute, a shoteh [a person who exhibits signs which demonstrate mental deficiency], or a minor who slaughtered and others watched them, are obligated to cover. [If one of them slaughtered] among themselves, he is exempt [from having to] cover. So too in the matter of oto ve'et beno [the prohibition against killing an animal and its offspring on the same day], where they slaughtered and others watched them, it is forbidden to slaughter [the mother or the offspring] after them. Among themselves, Rabbi Meir permits slaughtering after them, but the Sages prohibit. But they agree that if one slaughtered, one does not receive forty [lashes].

Mishnah 4ד׳

שָׁחַט מֵאָה חַיּוֹת בְּמָקוֹם אֶחָד, כִּסּוּי אֶחָד לְכֻלָּן. מֵאָה עוֹפוֹת בְּמָקוֹם אֶחָד, כִּסּוּי אֶחָד לְכֻלָּן. חַיָּה וָעוֹף בְּמָקוֹם אֶחָד, כִּסּוּי אֶחָד לְכֻלָּן. רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר, שָׁחַט חַיָּה, יְכַסֶּנָּה, וְאַחַר כָּךְ יִשְׁחֹט אֶת הָעוֹף. שָׁחַט וְלֹא כִסָּה וְרָאָהוּ אַחֵר, חַיָּב לְכַסּוֹת. כִּסָּהוּ וְנִתְגַּלָּה, פָּטוּר מִלְּכַסּוֹת. כִּסָּהוּ הָרוּחַ, חַיָּב לְכַסּוֹת:

[If one] killed one hundred wild animals in one place, [one may use] one covering for all of them; one hundred fowl in one place, [one may use] one covering for all of them; a wild animal and a bird in one place, [one may use] one covering for all of them. Rabbi Yehuda says, "[If] one slaughtered a wild animal, he covers it [the blood], and after slaughters the fowl." [If] one slaughtered a wild animal and didn't cover and another saw him, [the other] is obligated to cover. [If] one covered it and it became uncovered, he is exempt from covering [again]. If the wind covered it, one is [still] obligated to cover.

Mishnah 5ה׳

דָּם שֶׁנִּתְעָרֵב בְּמַיִם, אִם יֶשׁ בּוֹ מַרְאִית דָּם, חַיָּב לְכַסּוֹת. נִתְעָרֵב בְּיַיִן, רוֹאִין אוֹתוֹ כְאִלּוּ הוּא מָיִם. נִתְעָרֵב בְּדַם הַבְּהֵמָה אוֹ בְדַם הַחַיָּה, רוֹאִין אוֹתוֹ כְאִלּוּ הוּא מָיִם. רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר, אֵין דָּם מְבַטֵּל דָּם:

Blood which was mixed with water, if it has the appearance of blood, one is obligated to cover [it]. If it was mixed with wine, we view it [the wine] as if it were water. If it was mixed with the blood of a domesticated animal or the blood of a wild animal, we view it as if it [the second blood] were water. Rabbi Yehuda says, "Blood cannot neutralize blood."

Mishnah 6ו׳

דָּם הַנִּתָּז וְשֶׁעַל הַסַּכִּין, חַיָּב לְכַסּוֹת. אָמַר רַבִּי יְהוּדָה, אֵימָתַי, בִּזְמַן שֶׁאֵין שָׁם דָּם אֶלָּא הוּא. אֲבָל יֵשׁ שָׁם דָּם שֶׁלֹּא הוּא, פָּטוּר מִלְּכַסּוֹת:

Blood which squirted out and is on the knife one is obligated to cover. Said Rabbi Yehuda, "When [is this the case]? At a time when there is no blood but that. But when there is blood which is not that, he is exempt from covering [the blood on the knife]."

Mishnah 7ז׳

בַּמֶּה מְכַסִּין, וּבַמָּה אֵין מְכַסִּין. מְכַסִּין בְּזֶבֶל הַדַּק, וּבְחֹל הַדַּק, בְּסִיד, וּבְחַרְסִית, וּבִלְבֵנָה וּבִמְגוּפָה שֶׁכְּתָשָׁן. אֲבָל אֵין מְכַסִּין לֹא בְזֶבֶל הַגַּס, וְלֹא בְחוֹל הַגַּס, וְלֹא בִלְבֵנָה וּמְגוּפָה שֶׁלֹא כְתָשָׁן, וְלֹא יִכְפֶּה עָלָיו אֶת הַכֶּלִי. כְּלָל אָמַר רַבָּן שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן גַּמְלִיאֵל, דָּבָר שֶׁמְּגַדֵּל בּוֹ צְמָחִין, מְכַסִּין בּוֹ. וְשֶׁאֵינוֹ מְגַדֵּל צְמָחִין, אֵין מְכַסִּין בּוֹ:

With what may we cover and with what may we not cover? We cover with fine manure, with fine sand, with plaster, with clay, and with brick or with sealing clay that was crushed. But we may not cover with bulky manure, nor bulky sand, nor brick or sealing clay which was not crushed. And one may not turn a vessel over on it. A general principle said [by] Rabban Shimon ben Gamliel, "A thing in which plants grow, we may cover with it. And in which plants do not grow, we do not cover with it."