Kohelet RabbahAll 3,333 sections of the Midrash Rabbah open with Premium, from $2.60 a month.Become a premium member

The Midrash Rabbah · Kohelet Rabbah

קהלת רבה ב׳Kohelet Rabbah 2

Chapter 2 of 12 in Kohelet Rabbah — 30 sections

Checking for audio…

This book follows the megillah's own verses: each section is numbered by its verse and its place there, so “Verse 2 · 4” is the fourth midrash on verse 2.

Verse 1 · 1א׳

אָמַרְתִּי אֲנִי בְּלִבִּי לְכָה נָּא אֲנַסְּכָה בְשִׂמְחָה, רַבִּי פִּנְחָס וְרַבִּי חִזְקִיָּה בְּשֵׁם רַבִּי סִימוֹן בַּר זַבְדִּי, רַבִּי פִּנְחָס אָמַר אֲנַסְּכָה וַאֲנַסְּכָה, אֲנַסֶּה בְּדִבְרֵי תוֹרָה, וַאֲנַסֶּה בְּדִבְרֵי מִינוּת. אָנוּסָה מִדִּבְרֵי מִינוּת לְדִבְרֵי תוֹרָה. וּרְאֵה בְטוֹב, בְּטוֹבָתָהּ שֶׁל תּוֹרָה. וְהִנֵּה גַּם הוּא הָבֶל, לֹא הָיָה צָרִיךְ קְרָיָה לְמֵימַר אֶלָּא וְהִנֵּה גַּם הוּא שִׂמְחָה, וְאַתְּ אָמַר וְהִנֵּה גַּם הוּא הָבֶל. רַבִּי חִזְקִיָּה בְּשֵׁם רַבִּי סִימוֹן בַּר זַבְדִּי אָמַר כָּל הַתּוֹרָה שֶׁאַתְּ לָמֵד בָּעוֹלָם הַזֶּה הֶבֶל הוּא לִפְנֵי תּוֹרָה שֶׁבָּעוֹלָם הַבָּא, לְפִי שֶׁבָּעוֹלָם הַזֶּה אָדָם לָמֵד תּוֹרָה וְשׁוֹכֵחַ, אֲבָל לֶעָתִיד לָבוֹא מַה כְּתִיב תַּמָּן (ירמיה לא, לב): נָתַתִּי אֶת תּוֹרָתִי בְּקִרְבָּם. וְרַבָּנָן אָמְרִין עוֹד יִנָּתֵךְ יֵצֶר רָע לִפְנֵי יֵצֶר טוֹב. וּרְאֵה בְטוֹב, בְּטוֹבָתוֹ שֶׁל עוֹלָם הַבָּא. רַבִּי יוֹנָה בְּשֵׁם רַבִּי סִימוֹן בַּר זְבִיד כָּל שַׁלְוָה שֶׁאָדָם רוֹאֶה בָּעוֹלָם הַזֶּה הֶבֶל הִיא לִפְנֵי שַׁלְוָתוֹ שֶׁל עוֹלָם הַבָּא, לְפִי שֶׁבָּעוֹלָם הַזֶּה אָדָם מֵת וּמוֹרִישׁ שַׁלְוָתוֹ לְאַחֵר, אֲבָל לָעוֹלָם הַבָּא כְּתִיב (ישעיה סה, כב): לֹא יִבְנוּ וְאַחֵר יֵשֵׁב.

“I said in my heart: Come now, I will experiment in joy, and see goodness; and, behold, it too is vanity” (Ecclesiastes 2:1). “I said in my heart: Come now, I will experiment in joy” – Rabbi Pinḥas and Rabbi Ḥizkiyya in the name of Rabbi Simon bar Zavdi: Rabbi Pinḥas said: “I will experiment [anasekha]” and I will experiment; I will try matters of Torah and I will try matters of heresy. I will flee [anusa] from matters of heresy to matters of Torah, “and see goodness,” the goodness of Torah. “And, behold, it too is vanity” – the verse should have said only: “And behold, it too is joy,” and you say: “And, behold, it too is vanity”? Rabbi Ḥizkiyya said in the name of Rabbi Simon bar Zavdi: All the Torah that you study in this world is vanity relative to the Torah in the World to Come, as in this world, a person studies Torah and forgets. But, regarding the World to Come, what is written there? “I placed My Torah in their midst” (Jeremiah 31:32). And the Rabbis say: The evil inclination will melt before the good inclination. “And see goodness” – the goodness of the World to Come. Rabbi Yona in the name of Rabbi Simon bar Zevid: Any serenity that a person sees in this world is vanity relative to the serenity of the World to Come, as in this world, a person dies and bequeaths his serenity to another, but regarding the World to Come it is written: “They will not build and another inhabit” (Isaiah 65:22).

Verse 2 · 1א׳

לִשְׂחוֹק אָמַרְתִּי מְהוֹלָל, אָמַר רַבִּי אַבָּא בַּר כַּהֲנָא מַה מְּעֻרְבָּב הַשְֹּׂחוֹק שֶׁאֻמּוֹת הָעוֹלָם שׂוֹחֲקִים בְּבָתֵּי קַרְקָסִיאוֹת וּבְבָתֵּי תֵּיאַרְטִיאוֹת שֶׁלָּהֶם. וּלְשִׂמְחָה מַה זֹּה עוֹשָׂה, מַה טִּיבוֹ שֶׁל תַּלְמִיד חָכָם לְהִכָּנֵס שָׁם. דָּבָר אַחֵר, לִשְׂחוֹק אָמַרְתִּי מְהוֹלָל, מַה מְּעֻרְבָּב הַשְֹּׂחוֹק שֶׁשָֹּׂחֲקָה מִדַּת הַדִּין עַל דּוֹר הַמַּבּוּל, הֲדָא הוּא דִכְתִיב (איוב כא, ט יג): בָּתֵּיהֶם שָׁלוֹם מִפָּחַד וגו' זַרְעָם נָכוֹן לִפְנֵיהֶם וגו' שׁוֹרוֹ עִבַּר וְלֹא יַגְעִל וגו' יְשַׁלְּחוּ כַצֹּאן עֲוִילֵיהֶם יִשְׂאוּ כְּתֹף וְכִנּוֹר וגו' יְכַלּוּ בַטּוֹב יְמֵיהֶם וגו', מַה כְּתִיב תַּמָּן (איוב כא, יג): וַיֹּאמְרוּ לָאֵל סוּר מִמֶּנּוּ, וְכֵיוָן שֶׁאָמְרוּ: מַה שַּׁדַּי כִּי נַעַבְדֶנּוּ, אָמַר לָהֶם הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא: וּלְשִׂמְחָה מַה זּוֹ עֹשָׂה, חַיֵּיכֶם שֶׁאֶמְחֶה אֶתְכֶם מִן הָעוֹלָם, הֲדָא הוּא דִכְתִיב (בראשית ז, כג): וַיִּמַּח אֶת כָּל הַיְקוּם. דָּבָר אַחֵר, לִשְׂחוֹק אָמַרְתִּי מְהוֹלָל, מַה מְּעֻרְבָּב הַשְֹּׂחוֹק שֶׁשָֹּׂחֲקָה מִדַּת הַדִּין עַל אַנְשֵׁי סְדוֹם, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (איוב כח, ה): אֶרֶץ מִמֶּנָהּ יֵצֵא לָחֶם וגו' מְקוֹם סַפִּיר אֲבָנֶיהָ וגו' נָתִיב לֹא יְדָעוֹ עָיִט וגו', וּכְשֶׁאָמְרוּ נְשַׁכַּח תּוֹרַת הָרֶגֶל מִבֵּינוֹתֵינוּ, הֲדָא הוּא דִכְתִיב (איוב כח, ד): פָּרַץ נַחַל מֵעִם גָּר הַנִּשְׁכָּחִים מִנִּי רָגֶל, אָמַר לָהֶם הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא, חַיֵּיכֶם אֲנִי אֲשַׁכַּח אֶתְכֶם מִן הָעוֹלָם, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (בראשית יט, כט): וַה' הִמְטִיר עַל סְדֹם.

“Of laughter, I said it is confounded; and of joy, what does it accomplish?” (Ecclesiastes 2:2). “Of laughter, I said it is confounded” – Rabbi Abba bar Kahana said: How confounded is the laughter of the nations of the world in their circuses and theaters. “And of joy, what does it accomplish?” Why would a Torah scholar enter these [places]? Another matter: How confounded is the laughter that the attribute of justice laughed at the generation of the flood; that is what is written: “Their houses are peaceful, without fear…” (Job 21:9). “Their descendants are well placed before them…” (Job 21:8). “His bull breeds and does not fail…” (Job 21:10). “They send out their young like a flock” (Job 21:11). “They sing to the timbrel and harp…” (Job 21:12). “They spend their days in prosperity” (Job 21:13). What is written there? “They said to God: Depart from us” (Job 21:14). Once they said: “What is the Almighty that we should serve Him?” (Job 21:15), the Holy One blessed be He said to them: “And of joy, what does it accomplish?” By your lives, I will obliterate you from the world. That is what is written: “He obliterated all existence” (Genesis 7:23). Another matter: “Of laughter, I said it is confounded” – how confounded is the laughter that the attribute of justice laughed at the people of Sodom, as it is stated: “A land from which bread emerges…” (Job 28:5); “a place whose stones are sapphires…” (Job 28:6); “a path that birds of prey do not know…” (Job 28:7). When they said: We will do away with the policy of passersby from our midst, that is what is written: “He breached a shaft from the residents, forgotten from all passersby” (Job 28:4). The Holy One blessed be He said to them: By your life, I will eliminate your memory from the world, as it is stated: “The Lord rained upon Sodom [and upon Gomorrah brimstone and fire]” (Genesis 19:24).

Verse 2 · 2ב׳

דָּבָר אַחֵר, לִשְׂחוֹק אָמַרְתִּי מְהוֹלָל, מַה מְּעֻרְבָּב הַשְֹּׂחוֹק שֶׁשָֹּׂחֲקָה מִדַּת הַדִּין עַל אֱלִישֶׁבַע בַּת עַמִּינָדָב, אֱלִישֶׁבַע בַּת עַמִּינָדָב רָאֲתָה אַרְבַּע שְׂמָחוֹת בְּיוֹם אֶחָד, משֶׁה יְבָמָהּ, מֶלֶךְ. נַחְשׁוֹן אָחִיהָ, נָשִׂיא רֹאשׁ כָּל הַנְּשִׂיאִים. אַהֲרֹן בַּעֲלָהּ, כֹּהֵן מְלֻבָּשׁ אַבְנֵי אֵפוֹד. שְׁנֵי בָנֶיהָ, סְגָנֵי כְּהֻנָּה. וְכֵיוָן שֶׁנִּכְנְסוּ לְהַקְטִיר שֶׁלֹא בִרְשׁוּת נִשְׂרְפוּ וְנֶהֶפְכָה שִֹּׂמְחָתָהּ לְאֵבֶל, הֱוֵי אוֹמֵר וּלְשִׂמְחָה מַה זֹּה עוֹשָׂה, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (ויקרא טז, א): אַחֲרֵי מוֹת שְׁנֵי בְּנֵי אַהֲרֹן וגו'.

Another matter: “Of laughter, I said it is confounded” – how confounded is the laughter that the attribute of justice laughed at Elisheva bat Aminadav. Elisheva bat Aminadav experienced four celebrations on one day: Moses, her brother-in-law, was king; Naḥshon, her brother, was the prince who was head of all the princes; Aaron, her husband, was the [High] Priest wearing the ephod stones; and her two sons were deputy High Priests. But when they entered [the Tabernacle] to burn incense without permission, they were burned and her celebration was transformed to mourning. That is, “and of joy, what does it accomplish,” as it is stated: “After the death of the two sons of Aaron…” (Leviticus 16:1).

…and 25 more sections in this chapter.

Become a premium member

Or start free — a free account opens your first 5 gematria searches in full. Create free account

The daily learning is free on your account, every day.

Kohelet Rabbah — Midrash Rabbah, TE edition, via Sefaria

English: The Sefaria Midrash Rabbah, 2022 — CC BY